Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13102120220301Evaluation of challenges and strategies for the development of oilseeds and problems of oil self-sufficiency in Iran11214316910.22034/CAJPSI.2022.01.01ENMohammad Reza Zargaran KhouzaniDepartment of Agrotechnology, Majoring in Ecological Plants of Khuzestan University of Agricultural, Ahvaz, Iran0000-0002-7947-2240Mohammad Hossain GharinehDepartment of Plant Production and Genetics, Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20211229Oilseed production plays an important role in saving the currency, accelerating the process of economic development, security and food independence of the country. According to official reports, the country's annual crude oil demand is 1.5 million tons, but studies indicate that this amount has increased to 1.9 million tons in recent years with increasing capacity and market demand. There are three ways to meet the country's oil needs. The first is oil production from oilseeds, which is met from 3 million tons of oilseeds and 600,000 tons of crude oil. The second method is direct import of crude oil. For example, 510,000 tons of palm oil, 500,000 tons of sunflower oil and 100,000 to 200,000 tons of soybean oil are imported annually. The last method is to obtain oil from domestically grown oilseeds. In 1999, 270,000 tons of rapeseed, 110,000 tons of rapeseed oil and 50,000 tons of soybean, 10,000 tons of soybean oil were obtained, and the total production of oil from domestically grown oilseeds reaches 120,000 tons. This means that of the 1,900,000 tons of domestic demand, only the production of 120,000 tons is fully domestic. Annually, more than 30% of foreign exchange is spent on basic oilseed commodities and their extraction. Thus, in 2020, the value of imports of oilseeds, oil and flour amounted to 2.193 million dollars, which is equivalent to 9210 billion tomans in the currency of 4200 tomans. Therefore, the production of oilseeds plays an important role in saving the currency, accelerating the process of economic development, security and food independence of the country.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_143169_e6ce79d410cff475dc91cea412e1d09b.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13102120220301Rapid advanced in agricultural production and development of modern orchards establishment: a bright prospect for horticulture development in Kermanshah province, Iran131814591510.22034/CAJPSI.2022.01.02ENShadab FaramarziDepartment of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0001-8645-3294Pardis BoroomandanDepartment of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranIsa ArjiDepartment of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranJournal Article20220207Pomology is one of the most important aspects of agricultural economy in many countries. The development of sustainable agriculture through the implementation of long-term plans such as the establishment of modern orchards can ensure the economic stability and food security of a country. Modern orchards are those that are often "high density," meaning a density of 1000 to 5000 trees per hectare. Therefore, modern orchards are generally considered commercial orchards, as the cultivated trees are no longer considered trees in the true sense of the word. Kermanshah province, which has a long history of horticulture, has an area of about 25000 km<sup>2</sup>, of which about 40000 ha are set aside for orchards. Due to diverse climatic conditions and almost sufficient rainfall, Kermanshah province is capable of producing many fruit trees such as temperate, tropical and subtropical fruits, nuts and small fruits. In this regard, establishing modern orchards with high planting density (about 1000 to 2000 trees/ha) can be an effective step to expand horticulture in this province. The latter requires the incorporation of various scientific and artistic fields, such as tissue culture technology, to produce dwarf rootstocks as the main element of a modern orchard. In addition, the education and pruning system is considered an inseparable management tool for high production in this system. This review addresses the important aspects of modern orcharding to help all students, growers, and stakeholders.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_145915_2dd5abef074993e11945710830d0b36e.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13102120220301Study of heterosis, genetic depression and estimation of genetic parameters of some morphological traits in chickpea genotypes by generation mean analysis193614591610.22034/CAJPSI.2022.01.03ENParviz GhasemiDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran0000000333595824Ezzat KaramiDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranReza TalebiDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranJournal Article20220118Heterosis refers to the phenomenon where the offspring of different varieties of a species or crosses between species have greater biomass, rate of development, and fecundity than either parent. Various models have been proposed to explain heterosis, including dominance, overdominance, and pseudo-overdominance. In this study, six chickpea cultivars (Azad, Pirouz, Bivanich, Kaka, ICCV2, and Flip87-51C) and the progeny resulting from their crosses (F1, F2, Bc1, and Bc2) were examined to determine the inheritance, heterosis, and genetic depression of a number of morphological traits. Cultivars and their progeny were planted in Sarab Niloofar Lake of Kermanshah in spring 2018 in a randomized block design with three replicates. The species of the crosses were: first cross (Pirouz♀× ICCV2♂), second cross (ICCV2♀× Flip87-51C♂), third cross (Kaka♀× Flip87-51C♂), fourth cross (Azad♀× Flip87-51C♂), fifth cross (Bivanich♀× Flip87-51C♂), sixth cross (Azad♀× ICCV2♂), seventh cross (Kaka♀× Azad♂), eighth cross (ICCV2♀× Bivanich♂). These are listed in the tables as C7, C6, C5, C4, C3, C2, C1, and C8, respectively. The traits evaluated were number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest pressure, lowest pod height above ground, and number of hollow pods per plant. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between generations with respect to the studied traits, indicating a high genetic diversity in the studied materials. According to the results of the generation mean analysis, additive and dominant effects as well as epistatic effects were involved in the inheritance of most of the measured traits. The mean degree of dominance in most of the traits showed the effect of gene dominance when these traits were controlled. The small proportion of the additive effect in the grain yield trait makes the use of this trait in selection programs in the first generations not reasonable. The highest relative heterosis compared to the average parent (83.35) was related to the fourth cross in grain yield and the lowest relative heterosis compared to the average parent (0.07) was related to the number of hollow pods per plant in the eighth cross. The lowest mean genetic regression in all crosses was related to 100-seed weight (3.92) and the highest mean genetic regression was related to the number of hollow pods per plant (26.52).http://www.cajpsi.com/article_145916_a3cf1a421c0f44a63627c86c53536528.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13102120220301Improving the germination characteristics of aged lentil (Lens culinaris L.) seeds using the ascorbic acid priming method374114728310.22034/CAJPSI.2022.01.04ENMokhtar GhobadiDepartment of Plant Production and Genetic Engineering Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranSaeid Jalali HonarmandDepartment of Plant Production and Genetic Engineering Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranMahtab MehrkishDepartment of Crop Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0003-4482-6771Journal Article20220121Lentils are one of the most important legumes in the world and Iran. Seeds age during storage. The longer the seed is stored and the more unsuitable the storage conditions are, the faster it ages and the shorter the life of the seed. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the use of antioxidants to improve aged seed. In this study, the effect of ascorbic acid on aged seed recovery was investigated in two lentil cultivars. Seeds of two lentil cultivars (Kimia and Bilesavar) were subjected to different conditions of decay (no decay, mild decay, and severe decay). The deteriorated seeds were inoculated with different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 250, 500, and 750 μM) and evaluated in a standard germination test. The results showed that as the seed deteriorated, germination decreased in both lentil cultivars. Under conditions of no deterioration and mild deterioration, priming the seed with different concentrations of ascorbic acid had no significant effect on the germination characteristics of seeds and seedlings. However, under conditions of severe deterioration of germination, priming seeds with 250 μM ascorbic acid significantly increased germination characteristics. According to the results, it is possible to improve aged lentil seeds by priming with a concentration of 250 μM ascorbic acid.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_147283_e74b0be7b8486e5f213b116daaacb5cb.pdf