Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Evaluation of faba bean genotypes in normal and drought stress conditions by tolerance and susceptibility indices17619114237210.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.01ENPeyman SharifiDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-1658-7366Hossein AsterekiLorestan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Broujerd, IranFatemeh SheikhDepartment of Horticulture and Agronomy, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, IranMaryam KhorasanizadehLorestan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Broujerd, IranJournal Article20211117In the 2017-2018 growing season, two separate experiments were conducted in Iran in a randomized block experiment with three replicates and under two irrigation conditions. Genotypes G2, G8, G5 and G7 with the highest seed yield under both conditions were classified in group A. Genotypes G7, G8 and G2 were the drought tolerant and superior genotypes based on the indices MP, GM, STI, YI, YSI, HM, RDI, DI, SNPI, MRP, REI, MSTIK1 and MSTIK2. Genotypes G2, G8, and G7 with the lowest average sum of ranks (ASR) were tolerant genotypes. Yp had a positive significant correlation with TOL, MP, GMP, STI, HM, ATI, SSPI, MRP, REI, MSTIK1, MSTIK2, Ynorm, and Z. Cluster analysis also identified genotypes G2, G8, G5, and G7 with the highest tolerance to drought stress. The stress tolerance index (STI), modified stress tolerance index K1 (MSTIK1), and average sum of ranks (ASR) were more useful to select favorable field bean genotypes under dryland and irrigated conditions. Using these three indices, genotype G7 was found to be the most tolerant genotype to drought stress. Moreover, this study proposed a new idea for evaluating the stress tolerance and susceptibility of genotypes by using standardized and normalized yield data under stress and normal conditions based on the range of variation and standard deviation, and verified these values in current data and other data of 18 rice genotypes. Moreover, the present study recommended the application of this idea to other data sets and verified its advantages.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_142372_0ea3c967383437a11ed6dc7b61b1d11b.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Application of molecular markers in plant sciences; An overview19220014275810.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.02ENSepideh MirzaeiDepartment of Plant Production and Genetics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0002-6219-3480Journal Article20211110Recent advances in cellular and molecular genetics have raised new hopes among breeders, including the development of a variety of molecular markers. There are several types of markers, including morphological, molecular, and cytological markers. Molecular markers are one of the most powerful tools for studying genetic diversity. They are used in the study of phylogenetic relationships, selection of superior plants, and the study of similarities or differences between different specimens. Molecular markers are also used in germplasm management and marker-assisted selection (MAS) to increase the efficiency of germplasm breeding. Among molecular markers, DNA-based markers are of particular importance because of the limitations of morphological and isozyme markers. DNA markers are valuable tools in plant sciences. These markers do not have the problems of morphological markers and allow efficient comparisons to distinguish between very similar organisms. These markers are commonly used to assess genetic variation in agronomic germplasm, analyse population structure, localise quantitative traits (QTL), or linkage mapping for gene mapping. The increasing development of new and specific types of markers demonstrates their importance for understanding genomic diversity and diversity between similar species as well as between different plant species. In this review, we will discuss the types of markers, their advantages and disadvantages, and their applications in plant science.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_142758_2ae3acf81b8e68c61e47161da7c4de81.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Evaluation of Nipa perennial seed-forage plant (Distichlis palmeri) in order to develop agricultural sustainability of coastal saline ecosystems20120814316510.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.03ENMohammad Reza Zargaran KhouzaniDepartment of Agrotechnology, Majoring in Ecological Plants of Khuzestan University of Agricultural, Ahvaz, Iran0000-0002-7947-2240Journal Article20211125Nipa with the scientific name Distichlis palmeri is a perennial plant of the Poaceae family that tolerates irrigation with salt water. It is a drought-tolerant plant native to the northern shores of the Gulf of California in Mexico, growing in salt marshes influenced by ocean tides. This plant is a wild type and produces grains like wheat. Nipa seeds provide most of the food needed by Cocopah natives in the Rio Colorado Delta. Researchers have studied the physiological, anatomical, genetic and agronomic potential of this valuable plant as a potential food crop. The researchers found that nipa seeds would germinate in a salinity range of 0-30 grams per lite<em>r of water and between 60 and 93%</em>. The relative growth rate of the nipa plant in two types of flooded and non-flooded soils affected by salinity (30 grams of salt per liter) reaches about 50<em>%</em> of the plant's relative growth in freshwater. This perennial seed, now considered one of the most important species for centuries, is a plant suitable for saline tropical regions and beyond. Nipa development should be a high priority for institutions and officials concerned with food security, desalination, and climate change. It also provides an opportunity for entrepreneurship and agricultural development to develop, rehabilitate, and protect coastal areas from severe weather events.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_143165_5a296c985e5bceb4ebac4d2c822ff97b.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of fruit of some strawberry cultivars under hydroponic cultivation20921314316710.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.04ENMohammad GerdakanehCrops and Horticultural Science Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0001-5962-7009Rahmatollah GholamiCrops and Horticultural Science Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, IranIssa ArjiDepartment of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranJournal Article20211102The cultivated strawberry is a fruit plant for fresh consumption and food processing. It is one of the early-fruiting garden products with high nutritional value. To determine the appropriate strawberry cultivar for the hydroponic system, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Strawberry cultivars included Paros, Queen Eliza, Selva, Kamarosa, and Aromas, for which a medium of cocopeat and perlite (6:4) was used. Characteristics measured included yield per plant, yield per hectare, average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, percentage of soluble solids, and acidity. The results showed that the Paros variety had the highest yield per plant (585.33 g), the highest yield per hectare (70.20 tons) and the lowest average fruit weight (18.28 g), while the Selva variety had the lowest. The highest number of fruits per plant (45.00) was observed in the variety Queen Eliza and the lowest in the variety Kamarosa. The highest soluble solids percentage was found in the Kamarosa variety (8.21%) and the lowest in the Aromas variety (6.25%). The highest percentage of fruit acidity was found in the Kamarosa variety and the lowest value in the Selva and Paros varieties.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_143167_f5e50352fb2fa2ab098ec028e20bf37d.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Determining yield response factor (ky) of silage maize under different irrigation levels of pulsed and continuous irrigation management21422014321910.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.05ENIman HajiradDepartment of Water Management and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-6405-4978Sayed Majid MirlatifiDepartment of Water Management and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-0465-301XHossein DehghanisanijAgricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran0000-0002-5617-9375Sanaz MohammadiDepartment of Water Management and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-3347-4777Journal Article20211108The amount of irrigation water applied to the root zone of plants can greatly affect crop yield. The yield response factor (ky) indicates the reduction in crop yield as a function of evapotranspiration and can be an important tool for yield forecasting and irrigation management. The objective of this study was to determine the yield response factor (ky) of silage maize under different irrigation levels in the arid and semi-arid regions of Varamin, Iran. Actual crop evapotranspiration was determined by monitoring soil water content in the root zone of the plants. After harvest, the biological yield was determined and the yield response factor of silage maize was calculated. The results showed that the highest and lowest biological yield of silage maize were associated with treatments PI1 and PI4, respectively. The silage corn yield response factor (ky) in this study was 2.13, indicating a high sensitivity of silage corn yield to crop water use. As a result, it is recommended that pulsed management in drip irrigation systems with 60% deficit irrigation be avoided in areas with climatic conditions similar to those in the study area and limited water resources, as this reduces crop production efficiency.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_143219_14f5405da450d28258a0bce9fe58f642.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Investigation of the effect of Crataegus species on diversity indices in the natural species (Anagyris foetida L.)22122514337310.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.06ENMahboobeh GholamiFaculty of Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran1111111111111111Reza Hossein HeidaryFaculty of Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranSayed Mohammad MasoumiDepartment of Bioilogy, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranJournal Article20211118Species diversity is one of the most important topics in vegetation ecology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Crataegus species on diversity indices in the natural population of Crataegus species. For this purpose, 55 samples of 10R circles of 100 × 100 m network with a regular random pattern were identified in a mass with an area of 55 ha in Gilan-e Gharb Kaseh Karan section in Kermanshah province. For harvesting tree and shrub species, the mentioned pieces were used and for herbaceous species, 4 m2 samples were used in the center of the circular pieces. Simpson, Shannon, Mann-Heninck and Margalef diversity indices were calculated for all sample plots. First, the influence of the four geographic directions (east, north, west, and south) and elevation (two elevations) below and above 1100 m on the diversity indices was investigated. In the next phase, four clusters were identified based on the presence and absence of Crataegus species in the sample plots and on the image created using the diversity indices to compare the diversity indices. The statistical results showed that the two factors of geographic direction and altitude had no effect on the diversity indices. However, Crataegus species did affect the diversity indices, such that species diversity was lower in the sample plots where Crataegus species were present.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_143373_75b61b955926b3c1034af32d30d4e5ab.pdfCentral Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation2783-13101420211201Evaluation of row cultivation of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and bean (Vicia faba) on weed control in Ahvaz climate22623614316810.22034/CAJPSI.2021.04.07ENMohammad Reza Zargaran KhouzaniDepartment of Agrotechnology, Majoring in Ecological Plants of Khuzestan University of Agricultural, Ahvaz, Iran0000-0002-7947-2240Mohammad Hossain GharinehDepartment of Plant Production and Genetics, Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20211027To study the effects of row cropping of wheat and beans on weed control in Ahvaz climate, the experiment was conducted in the research farm of Khuzestan Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources as a randomized complete block experiment with four replications. The treatments studied included two types of plants, wheat (Chamran cultivar) and beans (local) as monoculture and in mixed composition in different densities of wheat (400 plants and 200 plants/m<sup>2</sup>) and beans (40 and 20 plants/m<sup>2</sup>) were planted. The results showed that the different plant densities of beans and wheat in multiple crops had a significant effect on the number and dry weight of weeds. Comparison of mean values showed that at suitable plant densities (400 wheat plants and 40 bean plants/m<sup>2</sup>), weed growth in pure crops and intercrops showed little difference. Even at densities of 200 wheat plants, 20 and one bean plant/m<sup>2</sup>, the effects of multiple crops on weed control were more effective than in monocultures. For example, the minimum number of weeds was 16 in the mixture of 1 row of beans and 4 rows of wheat and 24 in the wheat-only crop at a density of 400 plants/m<sup>2</sup>. It appears that plant density in this experiment was able to influence the number and dry weight of weeds through competition and more appropriate use of space.http://www.cajpsi.com/article_143168_245421ddb36d019b1f2fdcadee322552.pdf